When brain area X assumes the functions of brain area Y due to injury.

• A. Localization
• B. Cortical remapping
• C. Prefrontal Cortex
• D. Amygdala

Answer: (B)

Neural plasticity allows the brain to reorganize after injury, and cortical remapping is the process where one brain area takes over the functions of another damaged area. When a region is compromised, another area—often a neighboring region or a counterpart in the opposite hemisphere—adjusts to support the lost function. This dynamic reallocation helps explain why people can regain abilities after stroke or sensory loss, with shifts in brain activation patterns showing the new area taking on the task. Localization, by contrast, implies a fixed assignment of functions to specific regions with little or no change, which doesn’t account for this adaptive reorganization. The other two options name brain structures rather than describing the process by which functions are reassigned after injury.